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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (June 4, 1916)
4 EVENTS IlSf ALL PARTS OF THE WORLD DRAW NEWS PHOTO MEN Military Show at Sheepshead Bay Is Unique Exhibition Italian Crown Prince Drills With Boy Scouts, Irish Children Hunger as Result of Rebellion. ' f-3o WC3T vsssk 'rV- -' r-Ta Haif irit nrnifir nMnniiiiiL. v., -A. . Tlfe i . - ft. Ig.... ..p-. - - r j-. f?e-a7 r-7iSA 'Sufferer's: ABI3 military show is being- held at Sheepshead Bay, chiefly in the interest of the campaign for pre paredness. . Military maneuvers of all kinds are executed. One of the inter esting exhibits, new in this country, is an anti-aircraft gun meant to repel hostile aeroplanes or war balloons. Crown Prince Humbert, of Italy, re- Bt ROBERT ARMSTRONG. Expert Poultryman and Writer. THE hen will continue to be the means of hatching and rearing chickens for a large number of poultry keepers, especially those who have small flocks, or those who have not the time nor inclination to adopt artificial brooding methods, despite the fact that the natural way has several disadvantages; mainly the difficulty of securing broody hens early enough to produce Fall layers, especially if the Winter is severe; and the loss of the hen's time ' from the laying house, wherein she would have probably 'laid a couple of dozen eggs. To offset this loss, however, there is no gainsaying that the natural method has Its ad vantages. Rem Are Best Brooders. All things considered, the hen Is a better brooder than man has yet in vented, which is to be expected, and the same may be said of her as an incuba tor, although the relative merits of ar tifical and natural Incubation do not seem to be as important as the brood ing. In other words. Incubators have reached a state of perfection whereby their efficiency compares very favor ably with the best efforts of Mistress Biddy. We are better able to imitate hatching, perhaps, than brooding, be cause in the first process we are better able to control our "charge." The egg is Incapable of voluntary motion; it cannot stray from the conditions best suited to its development, neither has it a propensity for lmmoderateness. The chick, on the contrary, is guilty of many indiscretions, and sometimes he is incorrigible. Frequently, our great est efforts are unable to frustrate an evil, and what is more hopeless, we have not the gift of being able to di vine the strange convolutions of the chick's mind. Strong, vigorous chicks are not al ways obtained from properly incubated eggs, whether the hatching is done ar tificially or naturally. A successful hatch depends on more than the meth ods of incubation; it goes further back, to the selection of strong, fully-matured breeding stock, well mated, and prop erly fed and housed. The novioe, there fore, is often ready to condemn his in cubator when a few unhatched eggs are found on the trays after a hatch is com pleted. when in reality the quality of the eggs is entirely at fault. Moreover, the eggs usually set In a machine are a collection from an entire flock, and on a much larger scale than those set under a hen. The hen very often steals her nest and sits on none but her own eggs. We do not bother at finding two or three unhatched eggs under a ben, whereas the same per cent of un hatched eggs in an incubator seems un satisfactory and wasteful. Assuming then, that the poultry initial ! f " r . V,, , &i? - - 1?iJ M I: udx. cently entertained a troop of Italian Boy Scouts on the palace grounds of the Sovios Villa. The Prince, who is only 12 years old, took part in the games with the Boy Scouts. The Prince is very popular with the youngsters. The children of Ireland have been the real sufferers of the Irish Rebellion. Owners of small flocks of chickens, especially farmers, will continue to do their hatching by hens because they have not the time to devote to rearing the chicks by artificial means. There is wisdom in this, but on the other hand the hen's time is valu able, too. Why not perform the hatching with a machine, and leave the responsibility of brood ing to the hens? The idea is en tirely practical and economical. keeper wishes to have his chicks brooded by hens, he would do well to consider combining the virtues of the incubator as a time saver. Briefly, the scheme is this: Place the eggs in a machine for the first two .weeks and alter they have been tested for fer tility and dead germs, give the known-to-be-fertile eggs to the hens for the remaining week of incubation. In many cases they will batch every egg. This method not only saves two weeks of the hen's time, an item of vital Importance on the egg farm, but it also enables the poultry keeper to commence his hatch ing two weeks earlier than if he first waited for the hens to become broody. Furthermore, it saves the loss of time Incurred by the hens sitting on infer tile eggs or those which are too weak to develop. When the eggs have been kept In the incubator until the eighteenth and nine teenth day the results in chicks hatched under hens by this plan have been very satisfactory. Generally, the hatches se cured from three hens make comfortable broods for two hens, whereupon the re maining broody hen is made to Bit over again on another lot of "fertlles" from the incubator. NolKeed for Storing; Ecsa, It is not necessary to start with the incubator filled with eggs. They may be placed in the machine in units of about twenty, or whatever number is thought will produce the correct units for the hens, after the infertile eggs and dead germs have ben removed. Each and dead germs have been removed. Each tinguish it from the others. This prac tice offers an advantage to the poultry. man having a small flock. Inasmuch as he can incubate a large number of eggs. strting them when they are fresh, with out holding them until he has enough to fill up the machine. Still another advantage of this meth od: It is conceded that the great est losses in artificial incubation are attributed to chicks, which are almost fully developed dying in the shell. The correct amount of moisture, evapora tion and ventilation are all essential to successful incubation and they are all very closely allied. A circulation i THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN, PORTLAND, . E . Most of them have learned what it is to be without food for days at a time. Bread distributed to them makes them extremely thankful. Mrs. Thomas A. Edison received dele gates from the Federation of Women's Clubs in her home at Llewellyn Park, West Orange, N. J. The reception at of fresh air is necessary or the em bryo would be without sufficient oxy gen. On the other hand, excessive ventilation will cause undue evapora tion, unless the moisture is restored In some way. These elements are im portant at the beginning of a hatch, but they seem to take care of them selves more or less automatically for tho first week or' 10 days; in the last week and especially the last few days, they should receive very careful at tention. In the natural process of incubation the hen's body provides the correct con ditions. Air circulates about the eggs COLUMBIAN PLYMOUTH ROCKS. WITHIN the last 20 years fanciers who have admired the handsome plumage of the Light Brahma, but preferred a smooth-legged fowl, have worked hard to produce and per fect this plumage in our most popular American breeds. The results have de veloped the Columbian Wyandottes and Columbian Plymouth Rocks. The latter are increasing in popularity, not only with the fanciers, but with those who discriminate in favor of a fowl possess ing valuable utility qualities. Like all Plymouth Rocks, the Colum bian has rich yellow skin and legs and presents a full-meated plump carcass, free from dark pin feathers. The fowls do well in confinement or on free range, are aood foragers, and as a profitable 3H ."..;Zf2, fc'' the Edison home marked a feature In the programme of entertainment for members of the National convention of the Federation of Women's Clubs. A monument erected at Berne. Swit zerland, to commemorate the union of all the great countries in the Universal Postal Union is of especial interest now through the hen's feathers, yet the heat from her body throws off suf ficient moisture to prevent excessive evaporation. Moreover, this moisture is charged with carbon dioxide, which causes the shell of the egg to disin tegrate. Oxygen is needed in abun dance, but the value of carbonic acid must not be overlooked. When chicks fully formed - are found dead In the shell, it is pretty safe to assume they were unable to break' through because the shell had not been sufficiently dis integrated, and In consequence they died of exhaustion. Thus, it will be seen, a combination of the virtues of artificial and natural incubation la worthy of one's consideration. Hens Should Be Centralised. It is customary to set hens In out-of-the-way corners, sometimes in the henhouse, or in boxes or barrels scat tered about the outbuildings and barn yard, paying little heed to the hen's ideas in the matter or to the safety farmer's fowl they equal their cousins. the Barred variety. The hens are splen did layers of large brown eggs, and the chicks are strong and vigorous and make rapid growth. At maturity th males weigh from 7!j to I pounds and the females 6H to 6ft pounds, although many specimens exceed these weights, The hens make good mothers. In color these fowls are marked like the Light Brahma, the neck hackle of the male being striped with an intense black. The flight feathers are black also the tall, and the female has the name coloration. The mark of beauty for which the'fanclers strive is to have the back white and the small feathers covering the base of the tail a rich black finely edzed with sllverr whit. JUNE 4, 1916. r.l 5? 4 - f Si when the United States is debating with Great Britain the right of that govern ment to take American mall off neu tral ships to search It. The headquar ters of the Postal Union are in Berne. A motor ambulance is one of the novelties of the big military show at Sheepshead Bay Motor Speedway in the interest of preparedness. of her brood. This practice Is wrong for many reasons. The sitting hen is entitled to just as much considera tion as the brood mare or cow, and it is the only way to obtain the full bene fit or her efficiency. It is a mistake to set hens in the regular poultry-house, for they are certain be to annoyed by the other layers. The laying hens regard sitters with contempt: they, will lav In the sitting hens nest, fight and crowd her off tho nest, very often break ing her eggs and seriously endanger ing tne safety or the hatch. Moreover, me nests in tne poultry-house are very apt to be troubled with vermin, than which nothing is a greater handl cap to a young brood of chicks. The sitting hen should be thoroughly dusted witn a lice-expelling powder and given a ciean iresn nest to hrselr Remote corners In the barn ami nn.r sheds are unsuitable for the sitting hen. Such places frequently abound in rats, which are a constant menace, and they are apt to be visited by an in quisitive, cat or dog. Then, too, in having the nests scattered in this way, the hens are troublesome to f,i ana water; they may be overlooked and negiectea. in wmcn case thev wiiv neglect tneir nests. Furthermore, when the hatch comes off the hen and hr orooa win nave to be removed t n outdoor coop, and this changing her nuMinri is Meiuom accomplished with out aimcuitiea. Bsrore Best Instructor. unaer natural conditions the hen builds her nest on the ground, where Was last season's flock of tur keys a disappointent?If so. in what respect did the results fall below expectations? Was it In the care, the breeding, the "feed ing or in the. marketing? The importance of these elements Is described In next week's article, in which M. L. Longfleld also tells how to profit by past fail ures. the moisture from the soli will assist in hatching; she seleots a secluded spot. proiectea irom storms and other an noyances, whence she can go to and from for exercise, feed and water with out fear of having her nest molested. The poultry-raiser will do well to imi tate these conditions, not alone for the comfort and security of the fowls, but for the convenience of the at tendant as welL A special coop for the accommodation of the sitting bens may be built at very little . expense or trouble. It need be but a shed-like structure, 24 inches high in front, 36 inches deep and about feet long. The Interior is divided into five nests, or pens, the partitions running the narrow way of the coop, and having a small door at the front of each pen. No bottom is required to the coop, unless desired, for it may rest on a well-drained spot of ground and the nests built upon the earth. The rear of the pen In the nest - . y ': - . . .w -. - . . m rv;7- m'w proper, while the front- portion may oe used for placing feed and water be- for .the hen. The roof of the coop shouU be hinged, which will greatly facilitate the attendant's work. A. wire-covered run. about 10 feet Ions, and divided Into five narrow yard .hr same width as the nests. Is made In a separate section from the coop. These are for use when the broods are new ly hatched, when they should be con fined more or less, after which the yard may be removed and the hens given greater freedom. A coop of this kind may be built from odds and ends of lumber about the. place, or from packing box mate rial, and the roof is tne only part that need be made absolutely watertight. This may be covered wita tar piper LEGAL SIDELIGHTS FOR LAWYERS AND LAYMEN BT RBTJIELIE C K. COR.TISH, OK PORTLAND BAR. KISMET Corporations are so often held responsible for sins of omis sion and commission that it must be refreshing to them to occasionally find a case in which they are excused from liability in spite of their admitted negligence. In Simon vs. Missouri & ivansas Telephone Company, 154 Pac 242. the telephone company had permitted a wire to sag within four feet or tne ground, on the side of a public road. An Itinerant horaetraaer. Happening along in the vicinity, loosened his horses while he ate his luncheon. A sudden storm coming up, the horses sought refuge at the side of the road under some bushes and near tne tele phone wire, and while there they were killed by a flash of lightning that struck the telephone pole and was con ducted along the sagging wire until it came in contact with the animals. The peddler sued the telephone com pany for the loss of his horses, basing his claim on the company's negligence in maintaining a wire so close to the ground, but the court refused a re covery. ". . conceding that it was negligence to maintain the wire so close to the- ground, still nothing is more firmly settled in the law of negli gence than the principle, that to be the proximate cause of an Injury, the accident or happening of the injury must be the probable or natural conse quences of the negligent act. . . ." A telephone wire carries very light voltage and can ordinarily be handled as easily aa a fence wire. ... Had not the plaintiff turned his horses out to graze on the public roaa at mat particular time and place, had not the storm occurred then, had the horses happened to seek shelter at the oppo site side of the road, had not the light ning struck when and where it did. the telephone wire would, not have harmed the animals. As it occurred, the loss sustained by the plaintiff required the conjunction of conditions and circumstances of an extraordinary nature which it is un reasonable to say a person of ordinary prudence and foresight should have anticipated. Fate, and not the tele phone company, were evidently liable In this case. NOT A SAFE PLACE Men are rather prone to harp upon women's tendency to lose things and to place the responsibility upon the feminine scar city of pockets. But it is possible to have too many places to stow valuables, as witness the case of Adams vs. South ern Ry. Co.. 87 S. E. 1008. r I (J III U1V .o ... .... r- peared that the plaintiff, who was a passenger on a railroad train, had in formed the conductor that he could not find his ticket. He produced, however, his baggage check as evidence that he had paid his fare, saying that if he had not had a ticket he could not have checked his baggage. The conductor insisted upon obtaining liner & iikol wr .to and upon the plaintiff's refusal to pay, he was put off the train. Soon after the plaintiff found the ticket in his pocket, where it had been OVeriOOKeu: II. 111.., ou,. ,i .unn .allrna fnmniLnV taV eXDelllnOT him. b 11 1 he was refused recovery. The court held that while It Is true that the car rier must neea tne ressonaDie explana tion OI a pdi v I". w amiciiicu that a ticket is lost in not a reasonable explanation as a matter of law. "The great weight of authority holds mat wnn a nassenjcor ium cus ucjtai. - V.J.-.: - .- ' - - -r .ri or, for a permanent lob. .-patent roof ing should be used. v The advantages of the eoop are nu merous better hatches, less mortality among the chicks, freedom from vermin and the minimum amount of labor in caring for the hens everything la cen tralised. FUNERAL IS DENIED SON Doctor Says He Does Not Believe In Services and Refuses Them. CHICAGO. May 28. Ralph Lor tag Holmes, son of Dr. Bayard Holmes. 843 Fortieth street, died the other day In Lakeside Hospital after suffering sfor 10 years from dementia precox. When Dr. Holmes was asked when the funeral of his son would take place be said there would be no announcement. "There will be no funeral. he said, briefly. "We don't believe in them." The victim was i9 years old. His ailment came upon him while a student at Northwestern University and led his father to take up the subject and be come a specialist in it But the father's investigations came too late to save the son, who had been practically mentally deranged during the last 10 years. Research In dementia precox has been taken up more frequently in the med ical profession within the last few years, since it was realized that this disease is affecting great numbers of young men. It attacks principally those between the ages of 1? and 20 years. Woman. TO, Walks Far to Free Son. LITTLE ROCK. Ark, May 29. Mrs. Mary Gabbe-t. TO years old. "plumb wore out" from a walk of 100 miles to ask a pardon for her son. rested here the other day, with the promise of Governor George W. Hays that he would be released from a three-year sentence for grand larceny immediate ly. The aged woman was accompanied only by her 8-year-old grandson in her three weeks' tramp from her home in Dermott. Ark he is entitled to a reasonable time to find It, and. failing to find It. he must pay cash fare or get off the train. If this were not the rule one ticket would always do for two. The passenger who bought the ticket could not be put off because he had paid his fare. The pas senger who had the ticket could not be refused transportation because he had conclusive evidence, and the only evi dence available to the passenger that he had paid his fare." TAKING A CHANCE The employ ers' liability laws are still so new that their rulings are carefully watched by both employer and employe. The case of Clem vs. Chalmers Motor Company, 144 N. W. 848, is of Interest as showing how broad a construction is being given these statutes. The Michigan statute provides in the usual form that compensation shall be made for personal injury, "aris ing out of and in the course of em plojment" and that no compensation shall be allowed if the employe is in jured "bv reason of his Intentional and willful misconduct." The employe in this case, a carpenter, had been called to come down for a coffee lunch by the foreman. The other workmen on the roof promptly and safely descended by means of a ladder firmly fixed to the side of the wall, but the deceased attempted to go down by means of a rope that hung over the side of the building. This novel method of descending proved highly unsatisfactory, and the work man fell and was killed. The company objected to paying damages, as provided by the statute, on the ground that tho workman, in neglecting to use the ladder provided, and in depending instead upon a dang llnr rope not designed for such pur pose, had been guilty of intentional and willful misconduct, and so was barred from recovery; but the court refused to s hold, saying in part: "His (the deceased) primary object was like that of all the other men. to get to and partake of his luncheon. There is nothing to indicate that he intended or expected to get hurt. . . There is scarcely a healthy, wideawake ten-year-old boy who does not fre quently take a greater chance end -.vlthout harm. For a man acctustomed to physical toil. Judged by what is oc currlnr daily, it cannot be said that such an act should be characterized as Intentional and willful misconduct with in the meaning of the statute." The -lalm wss therefore permitted. !"UW! il To SAVE LITTLE CHICKS and kelp them to grow into bttj. attong. fcemltlty btrcU. FEED Diamond Chick Food Oor name and trade nark on onjjrmal pockatt MA OK ONLY T Portland Seed Co. Portland, Ore. Ak for ntalK .. 362. WW A -'jr. every I I